Zirconia (ZrO₂) is an important inorganic non-metallic material, known as the “king of ceramics” due to its excellent properties such as high melting point, high hardness, high toughness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. As a white solid powder, zirconia has a melting point of 2715°C, making it one of the highest-melting-point oxides known. Its Mohs hardness ranges from 6.5 to 7.5, second only to diamond and silicon carbide, giving it outstanding wear resistance. At room temperature, zirconia is an excellent electrical insulator, but at high temperatures, its internal oxygen ions exhibit high mobility, demonstrating good oxygen ion conductivity. Additionally, zirconia has good biocompatibility, being non-toxic and harmless to human tissues and not causing allergic reactions. Zirconia has widespread applications across various fields, including structural ceramics and refractory materials for high-temperature furnaces, refractory materials, and aerospace engine components; electronics, such as ceramic capacitors and oxygen sensors; biomedical applications like dental restoration materials and orthopedic implants; as well as jewelry and coatings, such as synthetic gemstones and high-temperature-resistant coatings.